Fostering a Sustainable Future: The Role of Green Extrinsic Motivation and Green Learning & Development in Cultivating Organizational Green Culture
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55737/qjss.268004723Keywords:
Green Learning & Development, Green Intrinsic Motivation, Environmental Knowledge, Pro-Environmental Behavior,, Green Extrinsic Motivation, Green Organizational CultureAbstract
This study was made to explore the effect of Green Learning & Developing in the transformation of conventional training systems in the Technical Education and Vocational Training (TEVT) sector toward Green TEVT. In this study, a cross-section design was used, and data was collected from TEVT principals and assistant managers who are part of Green TEVT initiative programs launched by the TEVT Sector Support Program (Deutsche et al. (GIZ)). The revealed results indicate a significant positive impact of Green Learning & Development programs in the formulation of Green Intrinsic Motivation through the partial mediating effect of Environmental Knowledge, which has further contributed to the transformation of conventional training behavior of TEVT employees into Pro-Environmental Behavior and has significantly contributed in the formation of Green TEVT. Yet, the diminishing effect of Green Extrinsic Motivation was observed in this study. Therefore, future researchers, by exploring other factors like Leadership Styles, Sector-Specific Studies, and Implementation of Policies and Regulations as hurdles, can make a significant contribution in this context.
Downloads
References
Abbas, J., & Dogan, E. (2022). The impacts of organizational green culture and corporate social responsibility on employees’ responsible behaviour towards the society. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(40), 60024-60034. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-20072-w
Abbas, J., & Khan, S. M. (2022). Green knowledge management and organizational green culture: An interaction for organizational green innovation and green performance. Journal of Knowledge Management, 27(7), 1852-1870. https://doi.org/10.1108/jkm-03-2022-0156
Aboramadan, M., Kundi, Y. M., & Becker, A. (2021). Green human resource management in nonprofit organizations: Effects on employee green behavior and the role of perceived green organizational support. Personnel Review, 51(7), 1788-1806. https://doi.org/10.1108/pr-02-2021-0078
Adekunle, I. A. (2021). On the search for environmental sustainability in Africa: The role of governance. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(12), 14607-14620. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11432-5
Afridi, F. E., Afridi, S. A., Zahid, R. M., Khan, W., & Anwar, W. (2023). Embracing green banking as a mean of expressing green behavior in a developing economy: Exploring the mediating role of green culture. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-25449-z
Afsar, B., Badir, Y., & Kiani, U. S. (2016). Linking spiritual leadership and employee pro-environmental behavior: The influence of workplace spirituality, intrinsic motivation, and environmental passion. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 45, 79-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2015.11.011
Ahmed, M., Guo, Q., Qureshi, M. A., Raza, S. A., Khan, K. A., & Salam, J. (2021). Do green HR practices enhance green motivation and proactive environmental management maturity in hotel industry? International Journal of Hospitality Management, 94, 102852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102852
Ali, F., Ashfaq, M., Begum, S., & Ali, A. (2020). How “Green” thinking and altruism translate into purchasing intentions for electronics products: The intrinsic-extrinsic motivation mechanism. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 24, 281-291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2020.07.013
Amabile, T. M., & Pratt, M. G. (2016). The dynamic componential model of creativity and innovation in organizations: Making progress, making meaning. Research in Organizational Behavior, 36, 157-183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.riob.2016.10.001
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173
Bresciani, S., Rehman, S. U., Giovando, G., & Alam, G. M. (2023). The role of environmental management accounting and environmental knowledge management practices influence on environmental performance: Mediated-moderated model. Journal of Knowledge Management, 27(4), 896-918. https://doi.org/10.1108/jkm-12-2021-0953
Budzanowska-Drzewiecka, M., & Tutko, M. (2021). The impact of individual motivation on employee voluntary pro-environmental behaviours: The motivation towards the environment of Polish employees. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 32(5), 929-948. https://doi.org/10.1108/meq-11-2020-0268
Bulińska-Stangrecka, H., & Bagieńska, A. (2021). Culture-based green workplace practices as a means of conserving energy and other natural resources in the manufacturing sector. Energies, 14(19), 6305. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14196305
Bulut, U. (2020). Environmental sustainability in Turkey: An environmental Kuznets curve estimation for ecological footprint. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 28(3), 227-237. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504509.2020.1793425
Byron, K., & Khazanchi, S. (2012). Rewards and creative performance: A meta-analytic test of theoretically derived hypotheses. Psychological Bulletin, 138(4), 809-830. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027652
Cheah, J., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., Ramayah, T., & Ting, H. (2018). Convergent validity assessment of formatively measured constructs in PLS-SEM. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 30(11), 3192-3210. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-10-2017-0649
Cohen, J. (1992). Statistical power analysis. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 1(3), 98-101. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.ep10768783
Dahlinger, A., & Wortmann, F. (2016). Fostering Pro-Environmental Behavior with Green Consumer Is: The Effects of Is-Induced Construal and General is Usage Motivations. Research-In-Progress Papers. https://aisel.aisnet.org/ecis2016_rip/60
Darvishmotevali, M., & Altinay, L. (2022). Green HRM, environmental awareness and green behaviors: The moderating role of servant leadership. Tourism Management, 88, 104401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2021.104401
Deci, E. (2017). Intrinsic motivation and self-determination☆. Reference Module in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-809324-5.05613-3
Du, M., Chai, S., Wei, W., Wang, S., & Li, Z. (2022). Will environmental information disclosure affect bank credit decisions and corporate debt financing costs? Evidence from China’s heavily polluting industries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(31), 47661-47672. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19229-4
Durhan, T. A., Akgül, B. M., & Karaküçük, S. (2022). Testing the green culture scale on Turkish population: The green culture scale. Journal of Human Sciences, 19(4), 569-581. https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v19i4.6286
Faraz, N. A., Ahmed, F., Ying, M., & Mehmood, S. A. (2021). The interplay of green servant leadership, self‐efficacy, and intrinsic motivation in predicting employees’ pro‐environmental behavior. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 28(4), 1171-1184. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.2115
Farrukh, M., Ansari, N., Raza, A., Wu, Y., & Wang, H. (2022). Fostering employee's pro-environmental behavior through green transformational leadership, green human resource management and environmental knowledge. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 179, 121643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121643
Gilal, F. G., Chandani, K., Gilal, R. G., Gilal, N. G., Gilal, W. G., & Channa, N. A. (2019). Towards a new model for green consumer behaviour: A self‐determination theory perspective. Sustainable Development, 28(4), 711-722. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2021
Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 139-152. https://doi.org/10.2753/mtp1069-6679190202
Hammond, M. M., Neff, N. L., Farr, J. L., Schwall, A. R., & Zhao, X. (2011). Predictors of individual-level innovation at work: A meta-analysis. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 5(1), 90-105. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018556
Henseler, J. (2009). undefined. Computational Statistics, 25(1), 107-120. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00180-009-0164-x
Henseler, J., & Fassott, G. (2009). Testing moderating effects in PLS path models: An illustration of available procedures. Handbook of Partial Least Squares, 713-735. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-32827-8_31
Hooi, L. W., Liu, M., & Lin, J. J. (2021). Green human resource management and green organizational citizenship behavior: Do green culture and green values matter? International Journal of Manpower, 43(3), 763-785. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijm-05-2020-0247
Hu, X., Khan, S. M., Huang, S., Abbas, J., Matei, M. C., & Badulescu, D. (2022). Employees’ green enterprise motivation and green creative process engagement and their impact on green creative performance. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(10), 5983. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19105983
Hu, X., Khan, S. M., Huang, S., Abbas, J., Matei, M. C., & Badulescu, D. (2022). Employees’ green enterprise motivation and green creative process engagement and their impact on green creative performance. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(10), 5983. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19105983
Huang, Y., Yang, M., & Wong, Y. (2016). The effect of internal factors and family influence on firms’ adoption of green product innovation. Management Research Review, 39(10), 1167-1198. https://doi.org/10.1108/mrr-02-2015-0031
Hughes, D. J., Lee, A., Tian, A. W., Newman, A., & Legood, A. (2018). Leadership, creativity, and innovation: A critical review and practical recommendations. The Leadership Quarterly, 29(5), 549-569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2018.03.001
Iacobucci, D., Saldanha, N., & Deng, X. (2007). A meditation on mediation: Evidence that structural equations models perform better than regressions. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 17(2), 139-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1057-7408(07)70020-7
Jerónimo, H. M., Henriques, P. L., Lacerda, T. C., Da Silva, F. P., & Vieira, P. R. (2020). Going green and sustainable: The influence of green HR practices on the organizational rationale for sustainability. Journal of Business Research, 112, 413-421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.11.036
JUHARI, N. F., & MOHD YUSOFF, Y. (2022). Employee ecological behavior as mediator in the effect of green culture on employees’ green satisfaction. Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Journal of Undergraduate Research, 4(3), 13-26. https://doi.org/10.46754/umtjur.v4i3.340
Karatepe, O. M., Dahleez, K., Jaffal, T., & Aboramadan, M. (2023). Test of a sequential mediation model of green management innovation. The Service Industries Journal, 43(5-6), 312-335. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2022.2164274
Khan, M. S., Saengon, P., Alganad, A. M., Chongcharoen, D., & Farrukh, M. (2020). Consumer green behaviour: An approach towards environmental sustainability. Sustainable Development, 28(5), 1168-1180. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2066
Khaskhely, m. K., khan, n. R., & qazi, S. W. (2021). Contribution of employee green values in improving corporate sustainable environmental performance via organizational green culture and employee green behaviors-a conceptual nexus.
Kim, M., & Lee, S. (2022). Drivers and interrelationships of three types of pro-environmental behaviors in the workplace. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 34(5), 1854-1881. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-09-2021-1094
Kollmuss, A., & Agyeman, J. (2002). Mind the gap: Why do people act environmentally and what are the barriers to pro-environmental behavior? Environmental Education Research, 8(3), 239-260. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504620220145401
Koo, C., & Chung, N. (2014). Examining the eco-technological knowledge of smart green IT adoption behavior: A self-determination perspective. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 88, 140-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2014.06.025
Koo, C., Chung, N., & Nam, K. (2015). Assessing the impact of intrinsic and extrinsic motivators on smart green IT device use: Reference group perspectives. International Journal of Information Management, 35(1), 64-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2014.10.001
Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 607-610. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308
Li, W., Bhutto, T. A., Xuhui, W., Maitlo, Q., Zafar, A. U., & Ahmed Bhutto, N. (2020). Unlocking employees’ green creativity: The effects of green transformational leadership, green intrinsic, and extrinsic motivation. Journal of Cleaner Production, 255, 120229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120229
MacKinnon, D. P., Lockwood, C. M., & Williams, J. (2004). Confidence limits for the indirect effect: Distribution of the product and Resampling methods. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 39(1), 99-128. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327906mbr3901_4
Mansoor, M., & Paul, J. (2022). Impact of energy efficiency-based ICT adoptions on prosumers and consumers. Journal of Cleaner Production, 331, 130008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.130008
Marshall, D., McCarthy, L., McGrath, P., & Claudy, M. (2015). Going above and beyond: How sustainability culture and entrepreneurial orientation drive social sustainability supply chain practice adoption. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 20(4), 434-454. https://doi.org/10.1108/scm-08-2014-0267
Moser, A. K. (2015). Thinking green, buying green? Drivers of pro-environmental purchasing behavior. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 32(3), 167-175. https://doi.org/10.1108/jcm-10-2014-1179
Nilsson, J. H. (2019). Urban bicycle tourism: Path dependencies and innovation in greater Copenhagen. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 27(11), 1648-1662. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2019.1650749
Ojo, A. O. (2021). Motivational factors of pro-environmental behaviors among information technology professionals. Review of Managerial Science, 16(6), 1853-1876. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-021-00497-2
Pan, C., Abbas, J., Álvarez-Otero, S., Khan, H., & Cai, C. (2022). Interplay between corporate social responsibility and organizational green culture and their role in employees’ responsible behavior towards the environment and society. Journal of Cleaner Production, 366, 132878. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.132878
Pvtc. 2022. Projects brief as on december 2022 [online]. Pakistan: Punjab vocational training council. [accessed 31-dec-2022 2022].
Raithel, S., Sarstedt, M., Scharf, S., & Schwaiger, M. (2011). On the value relevance of customer satisfaction. Multiple drivers and multiple markets. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 40(4), 509-525. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-011-0247-4
Rigdon, E. E. (2014). Rethinking partial least squares path modeling: Breaking chains and forging ahead. Long Range Planning, 47(3), 161-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2014.02.003
Ryan, R. M., Donald, J. N., & Bradshaw, E. L. (2021). Mindfulness and motivation: A process view using self-determination theory. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 30(4), 300-306. https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214211009511
Safari, A., Salehzadeh, R., Panahi, R., & Abolghasemian, S. (2018). Multiple pathways linking environmental knowledge and awareness to employees’ green behavior. Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, 18(1), 81-103. https://doi.org/10.1108/cg-08-2016-0168
Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Hair, J. F. (2021). Partial least squares structural equation modeling. Handbook of Market Research, 1-47. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05542-8_15-2
Selart, M., Nordström, T., Kuvaas, B., & Takemura, K. (2008). Effects of reward on self‐regulation, intrinsic motivation and creativity. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 52(5), 439-458. https://doi.org/10.1080/00313830802346314
Shmueli, & Koppius. (2011). Predictive analytics in information systems research. MIS Quarterly, 35(3), 553-572. https://doi.org/10.2307/23042796
Silvi, M., & Padilla, E. (2021). Pro‐environmental behavior: Social norms, intrinsic motivation and external conditions. Environmental Policy and Governance, 31(6), 619-632. https://doi.org/10.1002/eet.1960
Sobel, M. E. (1982). Asymptotic confidence intervals for indirect effects in structural equation models. Sociological Methodology, 13, 290. https://doi.org/10.2307/270723
Suharyani, y. D., nurhayati, m 2022. Green knowledge management to improve green competence with green motivation as intervening variable. Jurnal ekonomi, 12, 717–724.
Syafril, e. S. 2022. Hr development, work engagement and organizational commitment to analyst and assistant performance sales of pt. Bank negara indonesia (persero). Enrichment: journal of management, 12, 3299-3306.
Tan, Y., & Zhu, Z. (2022). The effect of ESG rating events on corporate green innovation in China: The mediating role of financial constraints and managers' environmental awareness. Technology in Society, 68, 101906. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2022.101906
Tang, G., Chen, Y., Jiang, Y., Paillé, P., & Jia, J. (2017). Green human resource management practices: Scale development and validity. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 56(1), 31-55. https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7941.12147
Thathong, K., & Leopenwong, S. (2014). The development of environmental education activities for forest resources conservation for the youth. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116, 2266-2269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.557
Van der Werff, E., Steg, L., & Keizer, K. (2013). It is a moral issue: The relationship between environmental self-identity, obligation-based intrinsic motivation and pro-environmental behaviour. Global Environmental Change, 23(5), 1258-1265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.07.018
Vargas-Hernández, J. G., Maillard, C. A., & Vargas-González, O. C. (2022). Green organizational culture, green innovation, and green performance for achieving environmental sustainability. Handbook of Research on Promoting an Inclusive Organizational Culture for Entrepreneurial Sustainability, 313-333. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5216-5.ch017
Wang, C. (2019). How organizational green culture influences green performance and competitive advantage. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 30(4), 666-683. https://doi.org/10.1108/jmtm-09-2018-0314
Wang, S., Abbas, J., Sial, M. S., Álvarez-Otero, S., & Cioca, L. (2022). Achieving green innovation and sustainable development goals through green knowledge management: Moderating role of organizational green culture. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 7(4), 100272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2022.100272
Waterman, A. S., Schwartz, S. J., Goldbacher, E., Green, H., Miller, C., & Philip, S. (2003). Predicting the subjective experience of intrinsic motivation: The roles of self-determination, the balance of challenges and skills, and self-realization values. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29(11), 1447-1458. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167203256907
Wei, F., Abbas, J., Alarifi, G., Zhang, Z., Adam, N. A., & Queiroz, M. J. (2023). Role of green intellectual capital and top management commitment in organizational environmental performance and reputation: Moderating role of pro-environmental behavior. Journal of Cleaner Production, 405, 136847. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.136847
Wirtenberg, j. 2014. Building a culture for sustainability: people, planet, and profits in a new green economy, abc-clio.
Yafi, E., Tehseen, S., & Haider, S. A. (2021). Impact of green training on environmental performance through mediating role of competencies and motivation. Sustainability, 13(10), 5624. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13105624
Yang, F., & Gao, L. (2021). Corporate environmental responsibility and employees’ pro-environmental behaviors at work: Insights from organizational identification and workplace spirituality perspective. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 66(2), 400-423. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2021.1989673
Yeşiltaş, M., Gürlek, M., & Kenar, G. (2022). Organizational green culture and green employee behavior: Differences between green and non-green hotels. Journal of Cleaner Production, 343, 131051. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131051
Yusliza, M. Y., Amirudin, A., Rahadi, R. A., Nik Sarah Athirah, N. A., Ramayah, T., Muhammad, Z., Dal Mas, F., Massaro, M., Saputra, J., & Mokhlis, S. (2020). An investigation of pro-environmental behaviour and sustainable development in Malaysia. Sustainability, 12(17), 7083. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12177083
Zafar, H., Ho, J. A., Cheah, J., & Mohamed, R. (2022). Promoting pro‐environmental behavior through organizational identity and green organizational climate. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 61(2), 483-506. https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7941.12347
Zaki, N. A., & Norazman, I. (2019). The relationship between employee motivation towards green HRM mediates by green employee empowerment: A systematic review and conceptual analysis. Journal of Research in Psychology, 1(2), 6-9. https://doi.org/10.31580/jrp.v1i2.946
Zhang, H., Omhand, K., Li, H., Ahmad, A., Samad, S., Gavrilut, D., & Badulescu, D. (2022). Corporate social responsibility and energy-related pro-environmental behaviour of employees in hospitality industry. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(23), 16141. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192316141
Zhao, M., Yao, L., Ma, R., Sarmad, M., Orangzab, -., Ayub, A., & Jun, Z. (2023). How green mindfulness and green shared vision interact to influence green creative behavior. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 16, 1707-1723. https://doi.org/10.2147/prbm.s405399
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Aghar Hayat, Kumail Sajjad, Muhammad Naveed
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.