Capital Asset Pricing Model for the Stock Market in Pakistan

Authors

  • Amna Riaz Lecturer, Department of Statistics, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan.
  • Nauman Riaz Chaudhry Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan.
  • Reema Choudhary Lecturer, Department of Software Engineering, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan.
  • Mohsin Riaz Lecturer, Department of Information Technology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan.
  • Muhammad Suhail Lecturer, Department of Statistics, the University of Agriculture Peshawar, Amir Muhammad Khan Campus Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55737/qjss.139458386

Keywords:

Pakistan Stock Market, Capital Asset Pricing Model, Excess Returns, Risk-free Rate

Abstract

The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), within modern financial theory, offers a theoretical framework for pricing assets with uncertain returns. CAPM assesses systematic risk and proposes a linear relationship between risk and expected returns for any asset. It serves as a potent tool for pricing risky assets. In this present study, the trade-off between risk-return was investigated within the framework of CAPM and its validity was tested on the daily returns of companies listed in the chemical, textile and food sectors of the Pakistan stock market during the period July 2004- Feb 2014. The results of empirical testing by regression analysis supported the CAPM’s validity for these sectors in Pakistan and found CAPM β as a single factor which was priced by the market. The KSE-100 index was used as a market, and the year treasury-bills return rate was taken as a risk-free rate.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

  • Nauman Riaz Chaudhry, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan.

References

Aliyev, D., & Soltanli, A. (2018). Empirical test of capital asset pricing model on selected banking shares from Borsa Istanbul. Academic Journal of Economic Studies, 4(1), 74-81. https://ideas.repec.org/a/khe/scajes/v4y2018i1p74-81.html

Allen, D. E., & Powell, S. R. (2011). Asset pricing, the Fama—French factor model and the implications of quantile-regression analysis. Financial Econometrics Modeling: Market Microstructure, Factor Models and Financial Risk Measures, 176-193. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230298101_7

Atkins, A., & Ng, P. (2014). Refining our understanding of beta through Quantile regressions. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 7(2), 67-79. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm7020067

Barnes, M. L., & Hughes, A. (. (2002). A Quantile regression analysis of the cross section of stock market returns. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.458522

Basu, D., & Chawla, D. (2010). An empirical test of CAPM—The case of Indian stock market. Global Business Review, 11(2), 209-220. https://doi.org/10.1177/097215091001100206

Bilgin, R., & Basti, E. (2011). A test of the validity of capital asset pricing model in Istanbul Stock Exchange. EuroEconomica, 4(1), https://doi.org/10.18506/anemon.09569

Black, F. (1972). Capital market equilibrium with restricted borrowing. The Journal of Business, 45(3), 444. https://doi.org/10.1086/295472

Chang, M. C., Hung, J. C., & Nieh, C. C. (2011). Reexamination of capital asset pricing model (CAPM): An application of quantile regression. African Journal of Business Management, 5(33), 12684-12690. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajbm10.697

Demircioglu, E. (2015). Testing of Capital Assets Pricing Model (CAPM) in Cement Sector & Power Generation and Distribution Sector in Turkey. International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Review, 3(4), 1-25. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/61392/1/MPRA_paper_61392.pdf

Džaja, J., & Aljinović, Z. (2013). Testing the CAPM model on the emerging markets of Central and Southeastern Europe. Croatian Operational Research Review, 4(1), 164-175. https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/143353

Fama, E. F., & MacBeth, J. D. (1973). Risk, return, and equilibrium: Empirical tests. Journal of Political Economy, 81(3), 607-636. https://doi.org/10.1086/260061

Ferruz, L., Marco, I., & Francisco Javier Rivas. (2007). Stock Market Indices and Investment Funds. An Empirical Approach in the Spanish and European Context. Journal of Applied Sciences, 7(5), 633–653. https://doi.org/10.3923/jas.2007.633.653

Gunasekara, M., & Ramaswami, K. (2011). A fusion model integrating ANFIS and artificial immune algorithm for forecasting Indian stock market. Journal of Applied Sciences, 11(16), 3028-3033. https://doi.org/10.3923/jas.2011.3028.3033

Hanif, M. (2010). Testing Application of CAP Model on KSE-Pakistan: A Case Study on Tobacco Sector. Management Accountant, 19(3), 1-13. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1494906

Hasan, M., Kamil, A. A., Mustafa, A., & Baten, M. A. (2011). A validity test of capital asset pricing model for Dhaka stock exchange. Journal of Applied Sciences, 11(20), 3490-3496. https://doi.org/10.3923/jas.2011.3490.3496

Javid, A. Y., & Ahmed, E. (2008). The conditional capital asset pricing model: Evidence from Karachi stock exchange (48) Pakistan Institute of Development Economics. 1-50. https://file.pide.org.pk/pdf/Working%20Paper/WorkingPaper-48.pdf

Khan, M. I., Gul, M., Khan, N. M., & Nawaz, B. (2012). Assessing and testing the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM): a study involving KSE-Pakistan. Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 12(10), https://globaljournals.org/GJMBR_Volume12/6-Assessing-and-Testing-the-Capital-Asset.pdf

Köseoğlu, S. D., & Mercangöz, B. A. (2013). Testing the validity of standard and zero β capital asset pricing model in Istanbul stock exchange. International Journal of Business, Humanities and Technology, 3(7), 58-67. https://www.ijbhtnet.com/journals/Vol_3_No_7_September_2013/8.pdf

Lau, S. C., Quay, S. R., & Ramsey, C. M. (1974). The Tokyo stock exchange and the capital asset pricing model. The journal of finance, 29(2), 507-514. https://doi.org/10.2307/2978820

Lee, H. S., Cheng, F. F., & Chong, S. C. (2016). Markowitz portfolio theory and capital asset pricing model for Kuala Lumpur stock exchange: A case revisited. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 6 (3S). https://www.econjournals.com/index.php/ijefi/article/view/2607

Lin, W., & Liang, G. (2011). Applying fuzzy Zot to explore the customer service quality to the ocean freight forwarder industry in emerging Taiwan market. Research Journal of Business Management, 5(2), 77-88. https://doi.org/10.3923/rjbm.2011.77.88

Michailidis, G., Tsopoglou, S., Papanastasiou, D. & Mariola, E. (2006), Testing the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM): The Case of the Emerging Greek Securities Market. International Business Management, 4(4), 239-242. https://doi.org/10.3923/ibm.2010.239.242

My, T. N., & Truong, H. H. (2011). Herding behaviour in an emerging stock market: Empirical evidence from Vietnam. Research Journal of Business Management, 5(2), 51-76. https://doi.org/10.3923/rjbm.2011.51.76

Nyangara, M., Nyangara, D., Ndlovu, G., & Tyavambiza, T. (2016). An empirical test of the validity of the capital asset pricing model on the Zimbabwe stock exchange. International journal of economics and financial issues, 6(2), 365-379. https://doi.org/10.4172/2162-6359.1000161

Pham, T. (2021). Testing The Validity of Validity of CAPM with Empirical Evidence from the London Stock Exchange in the Period of 2012-2020: An examination of the validity of the Capital Asset Pricing Model in the UK financial market and the potential impact of size, value and momentum risk factors. https://aaltodoc.aalto.fi/server/api/core/bitstreams/e0ca24e2-8df3-4f47-8f73-f66c238f2072/content

Rachev, S. T., Mittnik, S., Fabozzi, F. J., Focardi, S. M., & Jasic, T. (2007). Financial Econometrics. John Wiley & Sons: New jersey, U.S.A. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119201847

Raza, S. A., Jawaid, S. T., Arif, I., & Qazi, F. (2011). Validity of capital asset pricing model in Pakistan: Evidence from Karachi Stock Exchange. African Journal of Business Management, 5(32), 12598-12605. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajbm11.2105

Reilly, F. K., & Brown, K. C. (2005). Investment analysis and portfolio management. The Journal of Finance, 34(5), 1278. https://doi.org/10.2307/2327255

Rossi, M. (2016). The capital asset pricing model: a critical literature review. Global Business and Economics Review, 18(5), 604-617. https://doi.org/10.1504/gber.2016.10000254

Ruppert, D. (2004). Statistics and Finance An introduction. ed 1st . Springer-Verlag New York, USA.

Saastamoinen, J. (2008). Quantile regression analysis of dispersion of stock returns-evidence of herding?. https://erepo.uef.fi/bitstream/handle/123456789/8793/urn_isbn_978-952-219-111-3.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Sah, A. (2020). Capital Asset Pricing Model on Nepal Stock Exchange (Doctoral dissertation, Central Department of Management). http://elibrary.tucl.edu.np/handle/123456789/1155

Senol, D., & Ozturan, M. (2008). Stock price direction prediction using artificial neural network approach: The case of Turkey. Journal of Artificial Intelligence, 1(2), 70-77. https://doi.org/10.3923/jai.2008.70.77

Shamim, M. A., Abid, Y., & Shaikh, E. A. (2014). Validity of capital asset ricing model in Pakistan’s capital market (Karachi Stock Exchange). Journal of Emerging Issues in Economics, Finance and Banking, 3(4), 1141-1149. http://globalbizresearch.org/economics/images/files/90119_JEIEFB_Muhammad%20Asif%20Shamim_Yousuf%20Abid_Ehsan%20Ahmed%20Shaikh.pdf

Ullah, A., Shakir, M., Ahmad, N., & Shakir, G. (2021). The nexus of family environment with youth street criminal behavior in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. Heliyon, 7(12), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08577

Wu, M., Imran, M., Feng, Y., Zhang, L., & Abbas, M. (2017). Review and validity of capital asset pricing model: Evidence from Pakistan stock exchange. International Research in Economics and Finance, 1(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.20849/iref.v1i1.267

Xu, D., & Yang, X. (2007). Testing the CAPM Model: A study of the Chinese Stock Market.

Zubairi, H. J., & Farooq, S. (2011). Testing the validity of CAPM and APT in the Oil, Gas and Fertilizer companies listed on the Karachi Stock Exchange. Pakistan Business Review, 439-458. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1912358

Downloads

Published

2024-05-04

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Riaz, A., Chaudhry, N. R., Choudhary, R., Riaz, M., & Suhail, M. (2024). Capital Asset Pricing Model for the Stock Market in Pakistan. Qlantic Journal of Social Sciences, 5(2), 76-84. https://doi.org/10.55737/qjss.139458386

Similar Articles

1-10 of 164

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.