Critical Discourse Analysis of the Speech of Recep Tayyip Erdogan at the United Nations General Assembly
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55737/qjssh.603766284Keywords:
CDA, Erdogan’s Speech, Rhetorical Devices, Qualitative Method, Aristotle Theory, Fairclough TheoryAbstract
The research study entitled “Critical Discourse Analysis of the Speech of Recep Tayyip Erdogan at United Nations General Assembly” aims to analyze and find out the ways used by Recep Tayyip Erdogan in delivering his political speech using the Critical Discourse Analysis theory proposed by Fairclough and the theory of Persuasion postulated by Aristotle. During a political speech, the leader tries to express, declare, commit, emphasize, or motivate the listeners by using one’s ideology and power. Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is considered an effective approach to exploring the use of power and hidden ideologies in a text. The method applied in this research is the descriptive qualitative method. The transcript of Erdogan’s speech was taken from the mentioned web page (America Times News Service September 21, 2022) and the video (with subtitles) from YouTube which has 30 30-minute time duration. Both the transcript and video of the speech were used in the investigation of the data. His speech of Erdogan has been analyzed to show how using language, he motivated and persuaded his followers to comply with his cause. Based on the study's findings, it can be concluded that figurative language, modal auxiliaries, and personal pronouns are used very efficiently and widely in the persuasive discourse of Erdogan, and the rhetorical elements that most frequently have been applied are a combination of appealing using ethos and pathos.
References
Abdulmajeed, M., & El-Ibiary, R. (2020). Analyzing the communicative strategies of Egyptian political influencers: Content and discourse analyses of Twitter accounts. Communication & Society, 33(2), 295-311. https://doi.org/10.15581/003.33.2.295-311
Ahl, H. (2007). A Foucauldian framework for discourse analysis. Handbook of Qualitative Research Methods in Entrepreneurship. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781847204387.00018
Bayram, F. (2010). Ideology and political discourse: A critical discourse analysis of Erdogan’s political speech. Arecls, 7(1), 18. https://research.ncl.ac.uk/media/sites/researchwebsites/arecls/bayram_vol7.pdf
Bernad-Mechó, E. (2015). A multimodal discourse analysis of linking Metadiscursive elements in two OpenCourseWare lectures (MOOCs). Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 212, 61-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.299
Blue, G. M., & Harun, M. (2003). Hospitality language as a professional skill. English for Specific Purposes, 22(1), 73-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0889-4906(01)00031-x
Crookes, G. (1988). Functional discourse units for second language research. https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/items/065dd766-e60a-40aa-b48d-bc4f91b2086f
Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and text: Linguistic and Intertextual analysis within discourse analysis. Discourse & Society, 3(2), 193-217. https://doi.org/10.1177/0957926592003002004
Haider, Z., & Gujjar, M. (2021). A Critical Discourse Analysis of Boris Johnson’s Speech on Corona Pandemic: An Application of Three-Dimensional Model of Norman Fairclough. Balochistan Journal of Linguistics, 9. https://journals.luawms.edu.pk/bjl/article/view/11
Hassan, I. H. (2022). Investigating modality in policy texts: Corpus-assisted critical discourse analysis of Modals in the 2030 agenda for sustainable development. Textual Turnings: An International Peer-Reviewed Journal in English Studies, 4(1), 26-47. https://doi.org/10.21608/ttaip.2022.277139
Hemmati, F. (2011). A Critical Discourse Analysis of Five English Language Classes in Iran. The Iranian EFL Journal, 45, 159.
Huckin, T. N. (1997). Critical discourse analysis. Functional approaches to written text: Classroom applications, 87-92.
Janks, H. (1997). Critical discourse analysis as a research tool. Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education, 18(3), 329-342. https://doi.org/10.1080/0159630970180302
Kamalu, I., & Agangan, R. (2011). A critical discourse analysis of Goodluck Jonathan’s declaration of interest in the PDP presidential primaries. Language, discourse and society, 1(1), 32-54.
Mabela, L., Mann, C., & Ditsele, T. (2020). Language and discourse in contemporary South African politics: A critical discourse analysis. Language Matters, 51(3), 108-129. https://doi.org/10.1080/10228195.2020.1842485
Macgilchrist, F. (2007). Positive Discourse Analysis–Contesting Dominant Discourse by Reframing the Issues.
Poole, B. (2010). Commitment and criticality: Fairclough's critical discourse analysis evaluated. International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 20(2), 137-155. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1473-4192.2009.00234.x
Price-Thomas, G., & Turnbull, N. (2017). Thickening rhetorical political analysis with a theory of distance: Negotiating the Greek episode of the Eurozone crisis. Political Studies, 66(1), 209-225. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032321717708764
Saragih, M., & Arika, A. (2020). Critical Discourse Analysis on the Politicians' Social Media Posts. English Teaching and Linguistics Journal (ETLiJ), 1(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.30596/etlij.v1i1.4120
Schneider, V., Cockcroft, K., & Hook, D. (2008). The fallible phallus: A discourse analysis of male sexuality in a South African men's interest magazine. South African Journal of Psychology, 38(1), 136-151. https://doi.org/10.1177/008124630803800108
Shah, N. (2020). Employability of persuasive and rhetorical strategies: A corpus-assisted crititacal discourse analysis of Prime Minister Imran Khan’s selected address. University of Chitral Journal of Linguistics and Literature, 4(II), 56-78. https://doi.org/10.33195/jll.v4iii.205
Sharndama, E. (2016). Discursive strategies in political speech: A critical discourse analysis of selected Inaugural speeches of the 2015 Nigeria's Gubernatorial inaugurals. European Journal of English Language, Linguistics and Literature, 3(2), 15-28. https://www.idpublications.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Full-Paper-DISCURSIVE-STRATEGIES-IN-POLITICAL-SPEECH-A-CRITICAL-DISCOURSE-ANALYSIS.pdf
Sheyholislami, J. (2001). Critical discourse analysis. In.
Shopen, G. (2013). Review of Paltridge, B. (2012) Discourse analysis: An introduction (2nd ed.). Australian Review of Applied Linguistics, 36(2), 221-225. https://doi.org/10.1075/aral.36.2.06sho
Van Dijk, T. A. (2015). Critical discourse analysis. The Handbook of Discourse Analysis, 466-485. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118584194.ch22
Wang, J. (2010). A critical discourse analysis of Barack Obama’s speeches. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 1(3). https://doi.org/10.4304/jltr.1.3.254-261
Xie, Q., Zhang, Y., & Ursini, F. (2023). Spatial categories in cantonese:morpho-syntactic analysis meets discourse distribution. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4627515
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Qlantic Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
