Assessment of Teachers Digital Literacy: Theory of Change during COVID-19 in Rural Located Universities of Pakistan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55737/qjssh.987751451Keywords:
Teachers, Digital Literacy, COVID-19, Rural Universities, PakistanAbstract
This research focuses on delineating the initial profile of digital education abilities among instructors at Malakand and Swat universities. Employing a quantitative methodology, a survey assessed the digital literacy landscape, gathering data from 56 instructors through a meticulously designed questionnaire and simple random sampling. Findings revealed a prevailing trend where a significant majority of instructors primarily used laptops, complemented by external earphones and the Zoom application for online classes. Additionally, the study identified that instructors, on average, demonstrated a moderate understanding of online and digital tools. This research not only illuminates the current state of digital literacy among instructors but also underscores the need for targeted interventions to enhance their proficiency in navigating the contemporary digital education landscape.
References
Alqurashi, E. (2016). Predicting the acceptance of e-learning in a developing country: A case study of Saudi Arabia. Heliyon, 2(11), e00135.
Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191-215. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.84.2.191
Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Prentice-Hall. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1985-98423-000
Bandura, A. (1989). Human agency in social cognitive theory. American Psychologist, 44(9), 1175-1184. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.44.9.1175
Bandura, A. (1989). Social cognitive theory. In R. Vasta (Ed.), Annals of child development, 6(1), 1-60.
Chester, A., Buntine, A., Hammond, K., & Atkinson, L. (2011). Students' use of social media in undergraduate learning and teaching: Results from a multisite study. Higher Education, 64(2), 387-401.
Cheuk, T. (2019). A Bridge Too Far?: What Classroom Observations Reveal About Disciplinary Literacy Instruction in Science Classrooms. Stanford University.
Clarey, J. (2009). E-learning 101: An introduction to e-learning, learning tools, and technologies. Brandon Hall Research.
Compeau, D. R., & Higgins, C. A. (1995). Computer self-efficacy: Development of a measure and initial test. MIS Quarterly, 19(2), 189. https://doi.org/10.2307/249688
Cooper, R. (2013). Quantification and syntactic theory (Vol. 21). Springer Science & Business Media.
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (4th ed.). Sage Publications. https://spada.uns.ac.id/pluginfile.php/510378/mod_resource/content/1/creswell.pdf
Davis, F. D., Bagozzi, R. P., & Warshaw, P. R. (1989). User acceptance of computer technology: A comparison of two theoretical models. Management Science, 35(8), 982-1003. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.35.8.982
Doménech-Betoret, F., Abellán-Roselló, L., Gómez-Artiga, A., & Richart-Martínez, M. (2017). Social factors influencing students' acceptance of e-learning Environments in University education. Interactive Learning Environments, 25(8), 1085-1102.
Dong, B., Zheng, Q., Qiao, M., Shu, J., & Yang, J. (2009). BlueSky cloud framework: An E-learning framework embracing cloud computing. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 577-582. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10665-1_55
Dong, B., Zheng, Q., Yang, J., Li, H., & Qiao, M. (2009). An E-learning ecosystem based on cloud computing infrastructure. 2009 Ninth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies. https://doi.org/10.1109/icalt.2009.21
Fawley, B. W., & Neely, C. J. (2014). The evolution of Federal Reserve policy and the impact of monetary policy surprises on asset prices. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Review, 96(1), 73-109. https://doi.org/10.20955/r.96.73-109
Gan, C., & Balakrishnan, V. (2017). The impact of computer self-efficacy and technology acceptance model on behavioral intention in mobile learning context. Journal of Education and e-Learning Research, 4(2), 25-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.1210
Hillier, M., Scales, B., & Davies, N. (2013). Social media and education: Navigating the social structures of cyberspace. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 29(3), 434-454.
Jonrand, A., & Dwyerand, P. (2020). Impact of technology on teaching and learning. International Journal of Educational Technology, 25(4), 567-589.
Koo, C., Chung, N., & Nam, K. (2015). The effects of quality and satisfaction on perceived value and continuous intention to use mobile banking. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 31(10), 682-698.
Liew, T. W., Tan, T. H., & Tan, S. K. (2014). The impact of computer self-efficacy, learning orientation, and subjective norm on simulation-based learning performance. International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, 4(6), 484-488.
Lin, C. S. (2011). Cloud computing and education: A critical discourse. In 2011 International Conference on Advanced Management Science (pp. 268-272). IEEE.
Park, J., Lee, J., & Yoon, Y. (2014). Exploring the effects of users' perceptions of social presence on continuance intention in mobile application adoption. Information Systems Journal, 24(6), 499-519.
Pero, R. (2014). Digital education: Developing technological skills for the digital era. Journal of Digital Learning, 22(1), 78-92.
Poore, J. (2011). Digital literacy in university education. Educational Technology Research and Development, 18(3), 345-367.
Poore, M. (2011). Digital literacy: Human flourishing and collective intelligence in a knowledge society. Literacy learning: The middle years, 19(2), 20-26.
Poore, M. (2011). Effective use of online teaching materials: A guide for educators. Publisher.
Pupils, S. (2007). The role of educational technology in improving outcomes. Journal of Learning Technology, 12(1), 45-67.
Rajput, L. S., & Deora, B. S. (2017). Developing a cloud based E-learning framework for higher education institutions (HEI). In International Conference on Innovation Research in Science, Technology and Management (pp. 237-244).
Rajput, N., & Deora, V. (2017). A five-layer Cloud system for e-learning with three Cloud services. In 2017 International Conference on Innovations in Electronics, Signal Processing and Communication (IESC) (pp. 1-5). IEEE.
Rashid, A., & Usman, M. (2013). Technological advancements and changes in education. Digital Education Journal, 8(2), 67-89.
Riahi, G. (2015). E-learning systems based on cloud computing: A review. Procedia Computer Science, 62, 352-359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2015.08.415
Rjoub, H., Civcir, I., & Resatoglu, N. G. (2017). Micro and macroeconomic determinants of stock prices: The case of Turkish banking sector. Romanian Journal of Economic Forecasting, 20(1), 150-166.
Saidhbi, S. (2012). A cloud computing framework for Ethiopian Higher Education Institutions. IOSR Journal of Computer engineering, 6(6), 01-09. https://doi.org/10.9790/0661-0660109
Salman, K. (2012). The Impact of Electronic Learning Web Apps on Online Education. Journal of Educational Technology, 45(3), 123-145.
Schunk, D. H. (1985). Self-efficacy and classroom learning. Psychology in the Schools, 22(2), 208-223. https://doi.org/10.1002/1520-6807(198504)22:2<208::aid-pits2310220215>3.0.co;2-7
Scott, J. T., & Queen, T. L. (1988). Development of a scale for measuring enjoyable activities. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 16(2), 161-166.
Shank, D., & Cotten, D. (2014). Shaping the future of the fourth industrial revolution. Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 978.
Siegle, R. F., Roscoe, R. D., Schroeder, N. L., & Craig, S. D. (2020, December). Immersive Learning Environments at Scale: Constraints and Opportunities. In Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting (Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 1165-1169). Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications.
Sulistio, A., Reich, C., & Doelitzscher, F. (2009). Cloud infrastructure & applications–CloudIA. In Cloud Computing: First International Conference, CloudCom 2009, Beijing, China, December 1-4, 2009. Proceedings 1 (pp. 583-588). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
Thomas, R. (2011). Shifting paradigms in higher education: The impact of greater-order understandings and outcomes. Journal of Higher Education, 43(2), 215-230.
Valencia-Vallejo, M., Valdés-Cuervo, Á. Á., Jiménez-Aleixandre, M. P., & Amézaga-Menéndez, I. (2016). Learning science through collaborative visualization over touch-sensitive surfaces: The role of computer self-efficacy. Computers & Education, 101, 163-175.
Vallerand, R. J. (1997). Toward a hierarchical model of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 271-360. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60019-2
Venkatesh, V., & Speier, C. (1999). Computer technology training in the workplace: A longitudinal investigation of the effect of mood. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 79(1), 1-28. https://doi.org/10.1006/obhd.1999.2837
Wang, H., Shi, P., & Zhang, Y. (2017, June). Jointcloud: A cross-cloud cooperation architecture for integrated internet service customization. In 2017 IEEE 37th international conference on distributed computing systems (ICDCS) (pp. 1846-1855). IEEE.
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Farhan Ullah Khan, Sajjad Ali, Akhtar Ali, Abdul Shakoor
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
