Higher Education and Economic Challenges in Pakistan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55737/qjss.405691171Keywords:
Higher Education, Financing Challenges, Economic, Funds, Global, Skills, BudgetaryAbstract
Higher education plays an important part in the betterment of educational institutes as it paves ways to enhance the skills and competencies of the staff and students. The following study aims to highlight the major hurdles in the way of financing higher education and to explore the strategies to combat such challenges. As a whole, the study focuses on better ways and strategies to enhance financing in higher education to assist economic growth and increase the literacy and employment rate along with the development of the country. The objective of the study was to carefully read all educational policies according to economic and financing challenges in higher education in Pakistan, for which a historical method of research was adopted. Findings: As a whole, by limiting the high budget priorities, the quality of education and better opportunities in the field of education can be obtained. Consequently, the study of these factors should be done efficiently and critically for the betterment and enhancement of financing in Pakistan's higher education system.
Downloads
References
Abdessalam, T. (2010). Financing higher education in Tunisia. Economic Research Forum. https://www.knowledge4all.com/admin/Temp/Files/1a707c2b-40f2-4f39-94b5-5e79b57f8230.pdf
Abdessalem, T. (2011). Scope, relevance, and challenges of financing higher education: The case of Tunisia. PROSPECTS, 41(1), 135-155. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11125-011-9177-7
Albrecht, D., & Ziderman, A. (1992). Financing universities in developing countries. The World Bank.
Atuahene, F. (2007). The challenge of financing higher education and the role of student loans scheme: An analysis of the student loan trust fund (SLTF) in Ghana. Higher Education, 56(4), 407-421. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-007-9101-5
Aziz, B., Khan, T., & Aziz, S. (2008). Impact of higher education on the economic growth of Pakistan. Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 6(2), 15-29. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/id/eprint/22912
Becker, G. (1964). Human Capital. New York: Columbia University Press.
Brustein, W. I. (2007). The global campus: Challenges and opportunities for higher education in North America. Journal of Studies in International Education, 11(3-4), 382-391. https://doi.org/10.1177/1028315307303918
Dunga, S. H. (2013). Financing higher education in Malawi: Prospects, challenges, and opportunities. In Funding higher education in sub-Saharan Africa (pp. 184-213). Palgrave Macmillan, London.
Fahim, Y., & Sami, N. (2010). Access to and equity in financing higher education in Egypt. Financing higher education in Arab countries, 11.
Greenaway, D. & Haynes, M. (2004). Funding Higher Education. In G. Johnes and J. Johnes (Eds), International Handbook on the Economics of Education. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Hakro, A. N., & Mesti, S. (2011). Economics of Education and Education Policymaking Processes in Pakistan: A Critical Review. Investigaciones de Economía de La Educación, 6, 359–548. https://ideas.repec.org/h/aec/ieed06/06-33.html
Huang, F. (2016). Changes and challenges to higher education financing in Japan. Centre for Global Higher Education Working Paper Series, 1-25. https://www.researchcghe.org/perch/resources/publications/wp10.pdf
Huang, F. (2018). Higher education financing in Japan: Trends and challenges. International Journal of Educational Development, 58, 106–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2016.12.010
Hussain, I. (2005). Education, employment, and economic development in Pakistan. Education Reform in Pakistan: Building for the Future, 33-45. https://ishrathusain.iba.edu.pk/speeches/humanDevelopment/Edu_Emp_Dev_Apr_15.pdf
Jenny, N. W., & Arbak, E. (2004). Challenges for financing public higher education. The Rockefeller Institute State Fiscal News, 4(2), 1-6. https://rockinst.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/2004-03-challenges_for_financing_public_higher_education.pdf
Johnstone, D. B., Arora, A., & Experton, W. (1998). The financing and management of higher education: A status report on worldwide reforms. World Bank, Human Development Network, Education.
Kane, T. J. (1997). Beyond Tax Relief: Long-Term Challenges in Financing Higher Education. National Tax Journal, 50(2), 335–349. https://doi.org/10.1086/ntj41789262
Lalampaa, T. (2006). Responses by the Higher Education Loans Board (HELB) to the environmental challenges of financing higher education in Kenya (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi.).
Lung, M., & Alexandra, N. L. (2012). Financing Higher Education in Europe: Issues and Challenges. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 51, 938–942. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.08.266
Malik, R., & Naveed, A. (2012). Financing education in Pakistan: The impact of public expenditure and aid on educational outcomes. Research Consortium on Educational Outcomes and Poverty (RECOUP).
Psacharopoulos, G. (1985). Education for Development. Washington, D.C.: Oxford University Press.
Qutoshi, S. B. (2015). Financing of higher education in Pakistan: Initiatives, challenges, and outcomes. Hope Journal of Research, 2(4), 1-15. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sadruddin-Qutoshi/publication/273131885_HOPE_JOURNAL_OF_RESEARCH_Financing_of_Higher_Education_in_Pakistan_Initiatives_Challenges_and_Outcomes/links/54f88a8f0cf28d6deca2b7f5/HOPE-JOURNAL-OF-RESEARCH-Financing-of-Higher-Education-in-Pakistan-Initiatives-Challenges-and-Outcomes.pdf
Sattar, T., Yasin, G., & Afzal, S. (2012). Socio-cultural and economic impediments of inequality in the provision of the educational right to female: A case of southern Punjab (Pakistan). International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 2(1), 122. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v2i1.1210
Shin, J. C., & Harman, G. (2009). New challenges for higher education: Global and Asia-Pacific perspectives. Asia Pacific Education Review, 10(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12564-009-9011-6
Siphambe, H. K. (2000). Rates of return to education in Botswana. Economics of Education Review, 19(3), 291-300. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0272-7757(99)00042-4
Stern, N. (2001). Investing for growth and poverty reduction: Institutions and people. The speech was delivered in Islamabad on March 29.
Tabassum, R., Zahid, J., & Saleem, K. (2016). Gaps and Challenges in Public Financing of Education in Pakistan. http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.13445.76006
Vossensteyn, H. (2009). Challenges in student financing: State financial support to students – A worldwide perspective. Higher Education in Europe, 34(2), 171-187. https://doi.org/10.1080/03797720902867294
Wicaksono, T. Y., & Friawan, D. (2011). Recent developments in higher education in Indonesia: Issues and challenges. Financing Higher Education and Economic Development in East Asia. https://doi.org/10.22459/fheedea.11.2011.08
Woodhall, M. (2003). Financing higher education: Old challenges and new messages. Journal of Higher Education in Africa, 1(1), 78-100. https://doi.org/10.57054/jhea.v1i1.1691
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Muhammad Naseem Abid, Sidra Sarwar, Abdul Malik, Muhammad Tahir Mushtaq
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
